Ischemic strokes are syndromes which appear seldom in children. The constellation of clinical symptoms depends on the location and the extent of damage of the central nervous system and also on a patient’s age. Modern and widely spread neuroimaging methods have an influence on the increase in recognizing ischemic strokes. An early recognition is of great importance because it enables the quick administration of treatment. The confirmation of an ischemic cerebral stroke in medical imaging is the beginning of a diagnostic process which aims at the identification of etiological factors. A therapeutic procedure is also supposed to be directed in an etiotropic way. The standards of pharmacological treatment, compiled so far, in an acute phase of a stroke and secondary prevention in children are not unambiguous. One ought to aim at decreasing the degree of disability by means of appropriately planned rehabilitation. The article is of a review character. It contains the latest information related to pathogenesis, a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure and also complications in ischemic cerebral strokes in children.