Based on the available literature, archival material and its own records the author tried to describe the development of medical rehabilitation in the current Podkarpackie region. He identified the factors which encourage the development of medical rehabilitation in the region, particularly having regard to the activities of Department of Clinical Rehabilitation Provincial Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszéw. The study also shown the profiles of those ones most deserved for the development of rehabilitation in the Podkarpackie region and scientific achievements in this field.